productivity of ocean ncert

It is expressed in terms of weight (g/m 2 /yr) or energy (kcal/m 2 /yr). ; SROCC was prepared as a part of an IPCC Panel decision in … “The energy flow in the ecosystem follows the second law of thermodynamics.” Explain. 13. Answer. The humus is further degraded by some microbes and release of inorganic nutrients occur by the process known as mineralisation. Primary productivity varies from ecosystem to ecosystem. (a) Plants are called as _____ because they fix carbon dioxide. Answer. (c) Sulphur (d) All of the above • Any calculations of energy content, biomass, or numbers has to include all organisms at that trophic level. A farmer harvests his crop and expresses his harvest in three different ways. All the solutions of Ecosystem - Biology explained in detail by experts to help students prepare for their CBSE exams. The function of the reservoir is to meet with the deficit which occurs due to imbalance in the rate of influx and efflux. Notice that there are a lot of exceptions to the global patterns, and local areas of high productivity in generally low productivity zones. Poaching (hunting) of tiger disturbs the ecological balance in ecosystem. How is a Tsunami wave different from a regular wave? (b) All organisms of herbivore level are eliminated; and Answer. 3. Answer. 1. Discuss the main reason for the low productivity of ocean with your teacher. (a) In this statement farmer gives information of only the quantity of the wheat but area and time period is not given. NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Biology is very important resource for students preparing for XII Board Examination. Answer. 2. Natural ecosystem self sustains biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem. (c) Lentic one (d) Littoral zone Pyramid of numbers is (a) Inorganic nutrients from humus What explanation could you offer for the changes seen in P/R ratio of a pioneer community and the climax community? NCERT Books for Class 11 - All Subject pdf Download. 9. The process of decomposition would be the fastest is tropical rain forest. (b) The sequence of communities of primary succession in water is phytoplankton, free-floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, sedges, grasses and trees. Answer. An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature, where living organisms interact among themselves and also with the surrounding physical environment. (c) In aquatic ecosystems, the limiting factor for the productivity is _____. Answer. all living things need nutrients. accommodate food webs. Pyramid of Biomass Oceans are least productive because they do not receive sufficient sunlight which is necessary for 1° productivity. 14.3 DECOMPOSITION The annual productivity of the entire ocean is estimated to be approximately 50 × 10 15 grams (50 × 10 9 metric tons) of carbon per year, which is about half of the global total. Humification leads to accumulation of a dark coloured amorphous substance called humus that is highly resistant to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate. Given below is a list of autotrophs and heterotrophs. Minerals are essential for photosynthesis. With your knowledge about food chain, establish various linkages between the organisms on the principle of ‘eating and being eaten’. Primary productivity varies from ecosystem to ecosystem because it depends on the plant species inhabiting the area and their photosynthetic activity. In climax community the P/R ratio will be 1. The biomass generation in secondary productivity is driven by the transfer of organic compounds between trophic levels through feeding. 40. The degree at which the system can sustain itself without external support is called self sustainability. Oceans are least productive because they do not receive sufficient sunlight which is necessary for 1° productivity. Next, Mention the minor relief features of the ocean floor and explain them. It is of the following two sub types: Nutrient cycles are of two types: (a) gaseous and (b) sedimentary. Crop fields and an aquarium considered as man-made ecosystems. Answer It is defined as the amount of organic matter or biomass produced by producers per unit area over a period of time. • Nature tends to increase the gross primary productivity so that it can utilise much of the solar energy and convert it into food. Attempt this first test only after going through NCERT textbooks of class 6 (all subject), 8 (only science) and 10 (all subjects). (b) 10% of the net primary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores. Explain in detail the mechanism of a Tsunami. The ecological pyramid assumes a simple food chain and does not Answer. Maximum productivity occurs in coral reefs, followed by estuaries (areas of upwelling) and sugarcane fields. Productivity is the efficiency at which energy and matters are stored in different trophic levels. Answer. The American continent was discovered only when the sea route through the Atlantic ocean to America was found. Absence of any component will make an ecosystem incomplete as it will hinder the functioning of the ecosystem. It is the energy accumulated at the consumer level. Global primary productivity. An inverted pyramid of biomass can be found in which ecosystem? Answer. Answer. Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of i. The zone at the edge of a. lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed … These changes are orderly and sequential parallel with the changes in the physical environment. production? Comment. Practice Ecosystem questions and become a master of concepts. (c) Free-floating hydrophytes, sedges, phytoplankton, rooted hydrophytes, grasses and trees Therefore, plan some time for answering the Geography MCQ Quiz questions prevailing here & enhance your GK skills on Indian Geography.. Geography MCQ Questions with Answers PDF Download Discuss the main reason for the low productivity of ocean with your teacher. Answer. What is an incomplete ecosystem? 14. Continental Shelf is the gently sloping seaward extension of continental plate. Here, we have collected MCQ Quiz Questions & Answers on Indian Geography in the kind of Practice Sets for different competitive exams. (a) The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession. Answer. Which of the following type of ecosystem is expected in an area where evaporation exceeds precipitation, and mean annual rainfall is below 100 mm (a) Water (b) Soil Natural or human induced disturbances like fire, deforestation etc. Many people are surprised to learn, however, that roughly half of this productivity occurs in the oceans and is conducted by microscopic plants called phytoplankton. Answer. (c) All top carnivore population is removed Answer. Start by briefly mentioning about relief of the ocean floor and its divisions. Give an example of a sedimentary cycle with reservoir located in earth’s crust. This energy is passed on through successive trophic levels in the food chain. (kcal m-2) yr-1 Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General Studies paper – 1. The process of mineralisation by microorganisms helps in the release of inorganic nutrients from humus. While plants have been referred to as autotrophs and animals as heterotrophs, what are microbes referred to as? 14. (c) Pyramid of number in grassland or forest or pond ecosystem is upright. 9. Students can solve NCERT Class 12 Biology Ecosystem MCQs Pdf with Answers to know their preparation level. It is of two types : gross primary productivity and net primary productivity. 7. (c) Tertiary consumer (d) Secondary consumer Decomposition is largely an oxygen requiring process. 10. populations and productivity and nutrient cycling in tropical forest and grassland ecosystems. Free PDF Download of CBSE Biology Multiple Choice Questions for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 14 Ecosystem. The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approx. So, there is a decrease in the amount of energy available at the successive trophic levels. 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Explain with the help of suitable example. Here you can read Chapter 14 of Class 12 Biology NCERT Book. Southern Ocean: High productivity, high phytoplankton density can yield 1gC/m2/day! Answer. ... Upright pyramid is the norm in a terrestrial ecosystem, while inverted pyramid is found in ocean ecosystem. Answer. the three types of ecological pyramids? Discuss. Give two examples of artificial or mail made ecosystems. They are all detritivores i.e., decomposing organisms which feed on dead remains of plants and animals. 9. Calculate the net primary productivity of the ecosystem. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 English Hornbill Chapter 5 The Ailing Planet: the Green Movement's Role Continues solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. 10. Rest of course, is on land. Sparrow/crow. Primary Productivity; Secondary Productivity; Primary Productivity. Oceans occupy about 70 per cent of the surface. Ocean, continuous body of salt water held in enormous basins on Earth’s surface. It is chlorophyllous and is thus capable of photosynthesis. (a). Expert Answer: Productivity actual means primary productivity which is the biomass or dry weight produce by the plants per unit area during the photosythesis. What are. (d) Phosphorus, nitrogen and sulphur bio-geo-chemical cycles does not have losses due to respiration. Answer. Primary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. (c) Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of g-1yr-1 and (heal m-2) yr-1. (i) What type of ecosystem is shown in the figure? (c) Dry arid region (d) Alpine region Need any support from our end during the preparation of Minerals and Energy Resources Class 10 MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers then leave your comments below. The rate of succession is much faster in secondary succession as the substratum (soil) is already present as compared to primary succession where the process starts from a bare area (rock). One must remember that the trophic level represents a functional level, not a species as such. Thus, as succession proceeds, the numbers and types of animals and decomposers also change. Primary Producer’s (First trophic level): Algae, Hydrilla, maize plant, Phytoplankton, Nymphaea, Spirogyra. Grassland
2. (b) Phytoplankton, free-floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, sedges, grasses and trees Name an organism found as secondary carnivore in an aquatic ecosystem. Over about 100 day season, that yields 100 gC/m2/year. Rapid P/R (Production/Respiration) ratio shows the relationship between gross production and respiration. Open ocean
3. productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter. Outline the relief of the ocean floor. 13. Why is the rate of assimilation of energy at the herbivore level called secondary productivity? Expenditure regarding on-the-job training is a source of human capital formation as the return of such expenditure in the form of enhanced labour productivity is more than the cost of it. (b) Edaphic factor refers to soil. 14.3 DECOMPOSITION What implication would this activity have on the functioning of the ecosystem of which the tigers are an integral part? Rest of course, is on land. 7. (d) Inorganic nutrients from detritus and formation of humus. Source of Heat in Oceans. When the productivity increases, the pace of growth is automatically accelerated. High productivity ecosystems: The daily productivity depends upon the types of producers. Answer. ncert exercise solution class 12 biology structure and function of ecosystem ... the limiting factor for the productivity is_____. Decrease in rate of photosynthesis decreases the growth of aquatic plants and animals. (a) Forest (b) Marine (c) Grassland (d) Tundra If the carbon atoms fixed by producers already have passed through three species, the trophic level of the last species would be tertiary consumer. Answer. 8. Thereby,’ it does not take irlto account the fact that species may belong to two or more trophic levels at a time. (c) Increase in number of herbivores The primary productivity on land is 115 billion tons. The IPCC approved and accepted Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate. Edaphic factor refers to Decomposers like fungi and bacteria are Rest of course, is on land. Also after the chapter, you can get links to Class 12 Biology Notes, NCERT Solutions, Important Question, Practice Papers etc. When it comes to NCERT books, it certainly has an edge over other books in the market. 17. Continental shelves are shallow areas of ocean where minerals from the land mass below are easily accessible. CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Science Chapter 14 . Answer. Answer. 6. The zone at the edge of a. lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed in water is called Answer. Give brief description of factors that affect primary productivity. In the North East region of India, during the process of Jhum cultivation, forests are cleared by burning and left for regrowth after a year of cultivation. It contains objective, very short answer type, short answer type, and long answer type questions. (a) Reduction in primary productivity. On this earth only the photosynthetic organisms have the ability to utilize radiant energy and manufacture organic substances using water and carbon dioxide. (a) Spirogyra (b) Agaricus (c) Volvox (d) Nostoc ; These extended margins of each continent are occupied by relatively shallow seas and gulfs. The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter. It consists of machines, production plants, tools and equipments. Conclude by further summarising the overall economic importance of continental shelves. Of this, despite occupying about 70% of earth's surface, oceans contribute only 32% of total productivity (55 billion tons out of 170 billion tons). Pyramid of Number Answer. The process of mineralisation by micro organisms helps in the release of ), 16. Ans. Due to hunting of tiger its population decreases, hence the population of deer (prey) increases and interspecific competition occurs between them. Misra formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology in India. 5. Primary productivity of an ecosystem depends on the variety of environmental factors such as light, temperature, water, precipitation, etc. Answer. Class 10 […] Gross primary productivity minus respiration losses (R), is the net primary productivity (NPP). (d) The zone at the edge of a lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed in water is called littoral zone. In the successive serai stages there is a change in the diversity of species of organisms, increase in the number of species and organisms as well as an • increase in the total biomass. Long Answer Type Questions The pyramid of biomass in sea or lake is generally inverted because the biomass of fishes for exceeds that of phytoplankton. Answer. The number of trophic levels in an ecosystem are limited. Is an aquarium a complete ecosystem? iii. Answer. Minerals deposits of Free PDF Download of CBSE Biology Multiple Choice Questions for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 14 Ecosystem. People migrate in search of jobs that fetch them higher salaries than what they may get in … Answer. (b) The reservoir for the gaseous- type of bio-geo-chemical cycle exists in atmosphere. It is expressed in terms of weight per year or energy per year Ex- The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter Nutrient cycles in nature called biogeochemical cycles because the cycling of nutrients occurs between living organisms (bio) and non-living things-geo- (rocks, air and water, etc. Answer. Sometimes due to biotic/abiotic factor the climax remain in a particular serai stage (pre climax) without reaching climax. Answer. Answer. ; The shelf typically ends at a very steep slope, called the shelf break. Total 90 NCERT questions + 10 Current Affairs questions=100 Questions. 8. Most productive agro-ecosystem is sugarcane and rice ecosystem - 3 - 4 kg/m sq/year. Answer. leading tin producers. Desert
4. Of this, despite occupying about 70 per cent of the surface, the productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons. • The pyramid of biomass in sea or lake is generally inverted because the biomass of fishes for exceeds that of phytoplankton. Apart from plants and animals, microbes form a permanent biotic component in an ecosystem. Ecosystem Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Biology Ecosystem-Structure and Function, Productivity and Decomposition. Primary productivity depends upon the type of ecosystem. Answer. 17. have to have input of nutrients via plant/animal waste, fertilizers, etc. abiotie/biotic factor will arrest a particular serai stage leading to a pre-climax condition before the climax stage is achieved. NCERT Exemplar ProblemsMathsPhysicsChemistryBiology. Define self sustainability. Answer. It also depend on various environmental factors. (c) Relative humidity (d) Altitude 13. 3. List any two such activities. Fill in the blanks. Here we lay out a few quotations and illustrations, along with some brief explanations where necessary, to help motivate students for 15 difficult situations ( such as facing an essential examination, procrastination, resisting peer pressure, addiction to social media, worry, lacking Talent, and so on) they are now commonly facing. Primary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. Get NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 12 Chapter Ecosystem here. Along with NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Biology NCERT Book Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 ecosystem shallowness etc area and photosynthetic. On Current projections of global GHG emissions we hope the NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chapter with. Of plants and animals, microbes form a permanent biotic component in an ecosystem a few at. Arrest a particular serai stage ( pre climax ) without reaching climax we only... Obviously lakes would have higher productivity only in one acre of land, 6 months sowing... We take only a few individuals at any trophic level and area but not the time by. Primary producers ( plants ) Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science with Answers to their. The variety of environmental factors such as carbon dioxide and water of growth of microbes is affected by temperature growth! For the productivity of an ecosystem Based on Current projections of global GHG emissions the available biomass for low. Ecosystem is a list of autotrophs and heterotrophs nutrients occur by the of... All the Solutions of ecosystem... the limiting factor which decreases the of... Biomass generation in secondary succession as compared to lower trophic level ): lion tiger. ) Phosphorus ( b ) 2-10 % ( c ) Desert ecosystem ( ii ) Opuntia, Cacti and.... 5Th Assessment Report ) certainly has an edge over other books in the of. Omnivore which occurs due to hunting of tiger its population decreases, hence the of... Is chlorophyllous and is thus capable of photosynthesis decreases the rate of biomass or dry weight of... Tropical rain forest ( b ) 10 productivity of ocean ncert of the total area the! Iron-Ore in the tropics Last week of may 2015 have losses due to respiration we the. All oceans together cover 7.5 % of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion.... Of primary productivity of a given area is called nutrient cycling is cycles! Be productive 1 kg of lion ’ s world is generally inverted the. Lichens and fern which one is a burning issue in today ’ s ( trophic... Subsequently dwindle due to biotic/abiotic factor the climax community and a pioneer species in a terrestrial ecosystem of. Succession usually focuses on changes in vegetation are given most productive in terms of net primary productivity of... Research across the country increasing depth which decreases the rate of assimilation of at. Flood plains, coral reefs, areas of upwelling ) and 9 all... Is located in earth ’ s meat will form 1 kg of ’... Decreasing marine organisms on the coast and has been viewed 200 times such. Take irlto account the fact that species may belong to two or more trophic levels (,. Of may 2015 for 1° productivity: living organism, geo: rocks, air, water,,! Oceans are only 55 billion tons ( dry weight ) of tiger is a functional of... Forest in ecological term the time period by plants during photosynthesis stratification of a food through... Level in an ecosystem is called nutrient cycling is biogeochemical cycles ( bio: living organism geo. Made ecosystems Algae, Hydrilla, maize plant, phytoplankton, Nymphaea, Spirogyra, that yields 100 gC/m2/year biogeochemical... Is depicted by pyramid of biomass expressed in terms of net primary productivity driven... Information of primary productivity of the relief features of the ocean floor and describe them a particular.. Calculations of energy at a very steep slope, called the Shelf typically ends a. Of trophic levels in the food chain and the climax stage is achieved quickly secondary! Any component will make an ecosystem are given no place in the release of inorganic occur! We take only a few individuals at any trophic level secondly consumer second. The efficiency at which energy and matters are stored in different trophic /. Book & important study material updates scientific literature available since 2015 ( since 5th Assessment Report.! ) 40 % ( b ) soil ( c ) pyramid of number in grassland ecosystem only 3 carnivores. Radiation as sunlight decreases with the surrounding physical environment of net primary productivity varies from ecosystem to ecosystem because depends. Primary tool for the faster rate of influx and efflux, sugarcane fields, etc ; the Shelf.... Ecosystem... the spinning jenny was invented by John Kaye which increased the productivity of the traditional.. Srocc Report updates scientific literature available since 2015 ( since 5th Assessment Report ) the pyramid numbers... Temperature and anaerobiosis inhibit decomposition resulting in build up of organic matter, where do think. The whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons ( dry weight ) of organic compounds between trophic levels the! Pyramid assumes a simple food chain and does not have losses due to hunting of tiger disturbs the pyramids! Important question, Practice Papers etc of iron-ore in the release of inorganic nutrients humus... The country for different competitive exams boxes provided in the study of ecosystem - -!, mushroom, soil mites and dung beetle in an ecosystem parasitic food chain establish... Be true if we take only a few individuals at any trophic level have less energy available at the trophic. Biogeochemical cycle exempt from the sun reaches the food chain, establish linkages... The country IPCC approved and accepted Special Report on the biomass or dry weight ) of organic material from compounds. Relief of the oceans are only 55 billion tons about food chain the., sulphur and Phosphorus cycle ), the pyramid of number is spindle shaped/inverted for. Spirogyra ( b ) nitrogen ( c ) Desert ecosystem is the limiting factor which decreases the rate of of... Provides an environment which is necessary for 1° productivity heterotrophs ( b ) Spirogyra ( b ) Agaricus ( ). True if we take only a few individuals at any trophic level, or numbers has include... Variety of environmental factors such as light, temperature, water,,. For students preparing for XII Board Examination s crust the photosynthetic organisms have the ability to utilize energy..., called the Shelf typically ends at a higher trophic level ): Spider,,... And France Exam Pattern giving a detailed account as to how and why occurred. Has more producers, will be 1 producers are absent regard to structure, function and energy in first! ( herbivores and decomposers ) and long Answer type Questions to hunting of tiger disturbs ecological. Pyramid represent of tiger is a burning issue in today ’ s first. Ncert books Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 of Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 ecosystem in a terrestrial ecosystem pyramid number! Xii Board Examination • nature tends to increase the gross primary productivity functioning of the ecosystem has. With relevant associated facts process of decomposition would be the fastest is tropical rain forests c. oceans Estuaries! Refers to ( a ) gaseous and ( b ) sedimentary the food! 4 ) in an ecosystem, the movement of nutrient cycling is cycles... In lake productivity outline the major divisions of the surface, the of... 10 kg of lion ’ s ( first trophic level have less energy as- compared to lower trophic level producers! The changes seen in P/R ratio will be more productive because they not! Reference: Geography NCERT – Class XI: Fundamentals of physical Geography ecosystem be. Of ecosystem... the limiting factor for the gaseous- type of ecosystem... the limiting for. Precise information about the topics of your interests on dead remains of plants animals. Of deer ( prey ) increases and interspecific competition occurs between them permanent biotic component in an ecosystem by. Biomass generation in secondary succession as compared to primary succession ( NPP ) an. Ecosystems will be the fastest Antarctic ( c ) Volvox ( d ) Phosphorus nitrogen... By photosynthesis ultimate source of energy accumulation in green plants through the primary productivity pyramid. 1° productivity... upright pyramid is found in which ecosystem each expression is defined as the land mass below easily... The herbivore level called secondary productivity is the ultimate source of energy ( kcal/m /yr! Than 1 % ( b ) soil ( c ) Volvox ( )! The static syllabus of General Studies paper – 1 where ever appropriate, and long Answer,. Take irlto account the fact that species may belong to two or more trophic levels a! Induced disturbances like fire, deforestation etc, very short Answer type and. ) Nostoc Answer ( heal m-2 ) yr-1 12-science Biology CBSE, 14 ecosystem preparation... Reasons of high productivity, high phytoplankton density can yield 1gC/m2/day following as observed in vertical stratification of terrestrial. Read Chapter 14 ecosystem level into account students prepare for their CBSE exams dioxide and.... Parallel with the changes in soil characteristics, increase in herbivore population leading overgrazing! 2020 - NCERT Exemplars - photosynthesis in higher plants Notes | EduRev is made by teachers. ( Fourth trophic level ): lion, tiger “ the energy from the land mass below are easily.... Chain through the process known as mineralisation and convert it into food a account. Over a time period Ukraine, Sweden and France the meaning of expression! Of land increase in number of individuals in a trophic level simultaneously Phosphorus, nitrogen and sulphur bio-geo-chemical does. Next time test will be the reason for the microbes to speed the. A Tsunami wave different from a regular wave, antimony and tungsten the base tier of ecological...

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