igcse history notes germany

STUDY. They took food and supplies and put anyone who did not cooperate into prison. The Weimar Republic: a Genuine Attempt at Democracy. The role of women The Nazis had clear ideas of what they wanted from women. Weimar Germany - Mind Map. The content on this website is comprised of notes I made during my IGCSE and AS/AL preparations. STRENGTHS • A Bill of Rights guaranteed every German citizen freedom of speech and religion, and equality under the law. How did the Weimar Republic survive? 4. These groups were behind the attempt by an army officer, Kapp, to seize control of Berlin in 1920. However, the government was so weak that nobody was punished except Kapp himself who was imprisoned, and it took months to get the Free Corps disbanded. We provide high-quality teaching and revision materials for UK and international history curriculum. However, Kahr had called in police and army reinforcements. The new parliament went to Weimar, a town in southern Germany, far away from the violence in Berlin, and on 11 February 1919, elected Ebert President of the new German Republic – the. By asking for peace in 1918, he would save Germany from invasion and preserve the army’s reputation. 4. Led by socialists, they set up their own workers’ and soldiers’ councils to run the towns. One woman sold her house with the intention of using the money to live on. Taken from: The Literary Digest for February 10, 1923. 5. People were starving, the Kaiser had fled and people hated the government for signing the armistice to end the war in November 1918 - they called them the November criminals. • Arrests of thousands of people terrified opponents. Many workers turned to communism, but this frightened wealthy businessmen, so they financed Hitler's campaigns. For example, there were many politically motivated murders during this time; most of which were obviously committed by right-wingers, but virtually none of them were punished. Many began to look towards the Nazis for improvement. These Gaus are separated | |[pic] |into areas, localities and blocks of flats run by a Blockleiter. Complete IGCSE History Past Papers The Cambridge IGCSE History syllabus looks at some of the major international issues of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, as well as covering the history of particular regions in more depth. • Nazi Youth groups provided activities and holidays for young people. There was no way out but to sign the treaty. If you are totally new. As with left wing ‘uprisings’, this was unsuccessful. By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy. Free Edexcel GCSE History Revision Guides and Notes Here! Many Germans would have preferred to fight again rather than sign the peace treaty being drawn up in Paris by the Allies. Topic 1: Paper 1 Development of dictatorship: Germany, 1918-1945 Revision notes- REVISION-Development of dictatorship Germany ESTABLISHMENT OF WEIMAR REPUBLIC & ITS EARLY PROBLEMS -IGCSE Germany topic 1- Weimar 2. How Hitler consolidated power 1933-1934 Dates and events 1933-1934 |Date |Event | |27 Feb 1933 |Reichstag Fire Hitler used the fire to his advantage in two ways: | |[pic] |It gave him an opportunity to imprison many communist leaders, which stopped them campaigning during the election. Complete IGCSE History 2018 Past Papers Directory IGCSE History Feb & March Past Papers 0470_m18_0_0_gt 0470_m18_1_2_ms 0470_m18_1_2_qp 0470_m18_2_2_ms 0470_m18_2_2_qp 0470_m18_4_2_ms 0470_m18_4_2_qp IGCSE History May & June Past Papers 0470_s18_0_0_er 0470_s18_gt 0470_s18_ms_11 0470_s18_ms_12 0470_s18_ms_21 0470_s18_ms_22 … On 10 November 1918, he secretly left Germany and went by train to the Netherlands, never to return. Hitler cannot afford to annoy the businessmen or the army, so the SS [SS: Also known as the Blackshirts. This often explained why little or no action was taken against them. | | |After this action, Germans could no longer get rid of Hitler in an election. | | |[pic] |b. | |26 April 1933 |Local government is reorganised - the country is carved up into 42 Gaus, which are run by a Gauleiter. • Hitler introduced conscription in 1936; most men went into the army after the RAD. . The Germans had not been consulted about any of this, but they were simply ordered to sign it without discussion. In January 1923, there were five French divisions and one Belgian division in the Ruhr. A paramilitary wing of the Social Democratic Party, called the Reichsbanner, sabotaged railway lines and acted as spies. We also have lots of notes, study guides, and study notes available for History … |. History homepage; Unit 1; Unit 2; Unit 3; Unit 4; Unit 5; Unit 6; Unit 7 ; Revision Booklets; 1.Reasons for the breakdown of the USA-USSR's relationship. Hitler was given power in a political deal by Hindenburg and Papen who foolishly thought they could control him. This summary consists of 20 pages of condensed detailed notes summarising the IGCSE Cambridge History Germany Depth Study syllabus since 2009. • Many women were sacked and their jobs given to men. Save to favourites. 48 Vitosha Boulevard, ground floor, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg. • Hitler set up a state Reich Church, which banned the Bible and the cross. In January 1933, Hitler became chancellor, and immediately set about making himself absolute ruler of Germany using Article 48. Key problems The Weimar Republic was created at a time of confusion and chaos after Germany had lost the First World War. Berlin would suffer the same fate. British were successful in a blockade of German ports, which was affecting the citizens as there were severe food shortages. Skip to content. Home Unification of Italy ... unification of germany There were numerous attempts at unifying Germany but for some reason, they always failed. They set up machine-gun posts overlooking town squares. The Law for the Encouragement of Marriage gave newly wed couples a loan of 1,000 marks, and allowed them to keep 250 marks for each child they had. Economic hardship affected the whole nation and led to uprisings and assassinations. The government became the scapegoat, someone whom you blame, for all these problems. To fight would be suicide. Each party was then allocated seats in the Reichstag exactly reflecting (proportional' to) the number of people who had voted for it. Most people disagreed with Keynes, especially the French. The content on this website is comprised of notes I made during my IGCSE … All he could was to abdicate. Ebert was now able to hold an election for a parliament. Religion (social) • Hitler believed that religion was a threat to the Nazis' control over people's minds, so he tried different ways to reduce the power of the church over people. Germany between 1918 and 1919 was in chaos. Notes on Germany (1919-1945) – Depth Study Facilitator February 4, 2014. Ebert and the government were able to return to Berlin to regain control, as if nothing had happened. The Nazis even considered making it law that families should have at least four children. 2. 1918 - 1945 2. A mutiny, on 28 October, did take place, with the navy chiefs refusing to carry out the order for battle with the British. THANKS God … 3. GCSE History AQA A: Paper 2: Germany, 1919-1945 . The red flags of the Socialists flew over government buildings. Note that the new 2015 content on the Middle East is not yet included. The Treaty required Germany to pay reparations for war damage with the final total set as £6.6 billion. German nationalists could never forgive it for that. During the war, 'swing' groups were formed. Write. Despite all the successes, many historians believe that the stability of the Weimar republic was illusory: 1. These measures dealt with political opponents, as well as ordinary people, who suddenly found their private, social and working lives controlled by the Nazis. Millions of Germans read it, and Hitler's ideas became very well-known. In fact - because the Nazis had abolished the trade unions, banned strikes, and given more power to the industrialists - real wages fell and hours were longer under Hitler. This resource can be used with Year 10 and 11 students studying the German Depth Study of the iGCSE History exam. Video tutorials, tests and notes from BBC Bitesize; Notes from revisionworld.com; Revision quizzes from tutor2u.co.uk ‘gcse history revision’ Google search; Exam Forums. Many people felt that Germany had received a very harsh deal in the Treaty of Versailles and they resented the government for signing it and agreeing to its conditions. GCSE History Germany learning resources for adults, children, parents and teachers. 5. Work (working) • Dr Robert Ley, head of the DAF [DAF: German Labour Front ], boasted that he controlled workers' lives from the 'cradle to the grave'. Germany after WWI Germany became a country in 1871 ruled by Kaiser Wilhelm II. [pic] A shop damaged during Kristallnacht 1939 • Jews were forced to live in ghettoes. He did not name them but Hindenburg’s meaning was clear: the army could have won the war but it had been betrayed by the Socialist politicians who signed the armistice in November 1918. . QK. So Ebert stayed on as President and formed a new government which was prepared to do so. In 1923 the Weimar Republic was teetering at the brink of a very large cliff with problems such as hyperinflation, attempted revolutions and public discontent, pushing it increasingly towards the edge. Re-armament begun in 1935 - the idea of 'guns before butter'. • People's radios were sold very cheaply, but broadcasts were controlled. They invaded the Ruhr Valley, the richest industrial area. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are collected. Culture (social) • Hitler ordered Nazification - the imposition of Nazi values - on all aspects of German life. Weimar - problems 1919-1923 The Weimar Republic faced opposition from the outset in 1919, after the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. The Weimar government's main crisis occurred in 1923, when the Germans failed to make a reparations payment ( payments made for damage caused in WW1. It is usually produced to influence how the people of a nation think. ] • Books written by Jews were publicly burned. The depression of 1929 created poverty and unemployment, which made people angry with the Weimar government. Report Thu 30th May, 2013 @ 22:15. On 7 May 1919, the Allies finalized/announced the terms of the peace treaty. GERMANY 1919-1945 REVISION CHECKLIST BASED ON YOUR TEXTBOOK PLEASE TICK THE BOXES AT THE APPROPRIATE TIME Topic (textbook pages) Read Own notes Revised I know this well Impact of WWI on Germany Germany before WWI and the effects of WWI on Germany (10) The German ‘Revolution’ of 1918-fall of the Kaiser (18) The … 2.2 The Treaty of Versailles(with Germany, June 1919) On 28thJune 1919, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles (16 kilometres from Paris), the Allied leaders forced the Germans to sign the Treaty of Versailles. history-the-cold-war; history-usa; Germany 1918-1945 Revision Notes Booklet; Best Revision Websites. PLAY. Without exception, all Germans found the treaty unjust and unacceptable because it was dictated to them. Hitler and the army It is important to note that in 1934, the army was not subject to Hitler's authority. The mutiny in the ports quickly spread inland. It was not a good start for the Republic. German leaders were concerned at the socialist threat and persuaded the kaiser to abdicate. 4. GCSE History - Germany 1918-1945 Flashcard Maker: Meg Daniel. • Many Jews were sacked and their jobs given to non-Jews. He refused and demanded to be made chancellor. 1. The Nazi storm troopers attacked Hitler's opponents. Mass rallies at Nuremberg. • Girls were taught cookery; boys were taught science and maths. Both were unsuccessful. A few weeks later, the money wasn't even enough to buy a loaf of bread. Was the Weimar Republic doomed from the start? In 1944, the Cologne Pirates (the Edelweiss Pirates based in Cologne) killed the Gestapo chief, so the Nazis publicly hanged 12 of them. • Nuremberg laws (15 September) Jews could not be citizens. History; GCSE; Edexcel; Download. The Paris Peace Settlement was beginning to look very shaky. Find GCSE Weimar and Nazi Germany study guides, notes, assignments, and much more. 4. . by KimGrisdale, Jan. 2016. The French responded with tough measures. Test. America called in all its foreign loans, which destroyed Weimar Germany due to the Dawes Plan. 1.1 - Origins of Weimar Germany, 1919: A Shaky Start? Rising prices produce a demand for higher wages; higher wages mean that goods cost more to produce: prices have to go up again to pay for the wage increases. When Germany was clearly losing the First World War, the German Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated. | |2 May 1933 |Trade unions are abolished and their leaders arrested. Resources For Teachers, Students & Parents. Inflation is not easy to stop once it has got started. GCSE History - Germany 1918-1945 Flashcard Maker: Meg Daniel. | |19 Aug 1934 |Fuhrer - when Hindenburg dies, Hitler declares himself jointly president, chancellor and head of the army. Prices ran out of control - eg a loaf of bread, which cost 250 marks in January 1923 had risen to 200,000 million marks in November 1923. | |This destroyed all opposition within the Nazi Party. Literacy in History: How to write a great History essay. (They knew that the allies would not negotiate a peace with Kaiser Wilhelm in charge. A famous British economist, John Maynard Keynes, argued that Germany did not have enough money to pay reparations. 1942 • Wansee Conference (20 January) decided on the Final Solution, which was to gas all Europe's Jews. All wiki articles on: German revision notes. . The word ‘inflation’ describes a situation in which prices are rising and the value of money is falling. Many soldiers came home to find that there were jobs for them. It was difficult - and dangerous - to oppose Hitler. Dawes Plan and new currency meant eco was stable Hitler's rise to power Hitler's rise to power cannot be attributed to one event, but a mixture of factors including events happening outside Germany, the strengths of the Nazi party, and the weaknesses of other parties within Germany. . Word Document 54.99 Kb. These were young people who rejected Nazi values, drank alcohol and danced to jazz. • People appreciated the public works - eg new schools and hospitals. • History was taught to glorify Germany. The standard of living dropped dramatically. There was continuous violence and unrest: • In March 1920, there was a rebellion - the Kapp Putsch - that aimed to bring back the Kaiser . The RAD (National Labour Service) sent young men on public works. Dawes also arranged the Dawes Plan with Stresemann, which gave Germany longer to pay reparations. First, the richest part of Germany was no longer producing goods, so the rest of the country suffered as well. In retaliation, 5,000 people were executed. There are also more advanced worksheets for the 16-18 age range: Nazis and Youth; there is a worksheet to go with the information pack which should also be printed off. STUDY. This was an impossible situation for Hitler, who had 3,000 troops ready to fight. Article 231 of the Treaty required that Germany take the blame for starting the First World War. GCSE History - Germany 1918-1945. Terror (method of control) • Germany became a country where it was unsafe to do or say anything critical of the government. The Nazis did not appeal to: • working men who voted Communist intellectuals such as students and university professors They were popular with: • nationalists and racists • farmers • lower middle-class people such as plumbers and shopkeepers who were worried about the chaos Germany was in • rich people worried by the threat from Communism Rebellions Unsurprisingly, the hardships created by hyperinflation led to many uprisings as groups struggled to take power from Weimar. There was a further unsuccessful attempt by right-wing forces in Munich in 1923. . Stresemann also introduced reforms to help ordinary people such as job centres, unemployment pay and better housing. By 1939, 1. In 1929, the American Stock Exchange collapsed, and caused an economic depression. 3. 2. Autarky - there was an unsuccessful attempt at making Germany self-sufficient. Memorial card. Consequently this podcast aims to be as broad as possible. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. Women in the Nazi state Hitler had very clear ideas about the woman's role in the Nazi state - she was the centre of family life, a housewife and mother. Terms in this set (39) Impact of World War 1 - Mood. Top Gcse History Germany Flashcards Ranked by Quality. This led to his abdication on 9 November. Why was Hitler able to dominate Germany by 1934? The following 15 pages are in this category, out of 15 total. The left wing wanted the kind of communist government that had been created in Russia after 1917. Friedrich Ebert became the first German President, after a republic was announced to the German people. • Killed mentally ill patients. IGCSE History. In the west, however, we can scarcely count on being able to withstand a serious offensive…The success of the operation as a whole is very doubtful, but as a soldier, I cannot help feeling that it were better to die honourably than accept a disgraceful peace. It was blamed for starting the war and told that it must pay for the damage done in the fighting. It is commonly said that inflation is caused by too much money chasing two few goods. The Nazis devised a scheme to allow workers to buy a Volkswagen Beetle car for a small weekly payment. Phdessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are collected • -. With the Pope who sees him as someone who can destroy communism policies. A gold medal also introduced reforms to help ordinary people such as the 1936 Stadium... At swimming pools etc German citizens and that non-Germans did not convict other considering the situation they! 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Third Reich 1933-1945 German Depth Study IGCSE 1 ( 20 January ) decided on the skills required historical. 1923 became a country where it was difficult - and then let go... Wales and Northern Ireland for it ( National Labour Service ) sent young men public...

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