Electromagnetic radiation may be defined as “an electric and magnetic disturbance traveling through space at the speed of light.” The electromagnetic spectrum is a way of ordering or grouping the different electromagnetic radiations. More specifically, the radiographer should be able to explain to a patient the nature of ionizing radiation as well as any risks and benefits, and should be an advocate for the patient in such discussions with other professionals. electromagnetic radiation With this rationale in mind, the electromagnetic spectrum is discussed first, followed by a discussion of particulate radiation. It also is a spectrum consisting of radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. ultraviolet light • Explain wave-particle duality as it applies to the electromagnetic spectrum. The wave-particle duality of photons and electromagnetic radiation is enshrined in an equation first proposed by the German physicist Max Planck (1858 to 1947). The energy of the electromagnetic spectrum ranges from 10-12 to 1010 eV. The electromagnetic spectrum energy, frequency, and wavelength ranges are continuous, with energies from 10, Electromagnetic radiation exhibits properties of a wave or a particle depending on its energy and in some cases its environment. Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron; 2.1.3. With electromagnetic radiation, it is the energy itself that is vibrating as a combination of electric and magnetic fields; it is pure energy. In general, it is the radiographer’s role to be familiar with the different types of radiation to which patients may be exposed and to be able to answer questions and educate patients. The sound from a speaker vibrates molecules of air adjacent to the speaker, which then pass the vibration to other nearby molecules until they reach the listener’s ear. This chapter introduces the nature of electromagnetic and particulate radiation. In this theory he explained that all electromagnetic radiation is very similar in that it has no mass, carries energy in waves as electric and magnetic disturbances in space, and travels at the speed of light (Figure 3-1). • Differentiate between x-rays and gamma rays and the rest of the electromagnetic spectrum. So does electromagnetic radiation consist of waves or particles? Log In or Register to continue They all have the same velocity—the speed of light—and vary only in their energy, wavelength, and frequency. For example, sound is a form of mechanical energy. Chemistry Journal 2.2 Electromagnetic Radiation Driving Question: How does the nature of particles, waves, and energy explain phenomena such as lightning? The energy of a photon E and the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation associated with it are related in the following way: \[E=h \upsilon \label{2}\] In this theory he explained that all electromagnetic radiation is very similar in that it has no mass, carries energy in waves as electric and magnetic disturbances in space, and travels at the speed of light (Figure 3-1). Radiowaves are used in conjunction with a magnetic field in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to create images of the body. X-rays and gamma rays are used for imaging in radiology and nuclear medicine, respectively. 06.11 Hess’s Law and Enthalpies for Different Types of Reactions. X-rays and gamma rays are used for imaging in radiology and nuclear medicine, respectively. Since the energy of a particle of light depends on its frequency, an incoming particle with a high enough frequency will have a high enough energy to liberate an electron from a metal. Conceptually we can talk about electromagnetic radiation based on its wave characteristics of velocity, amplitude, wavelength, and frequency. The particle nature of light can be demonstrated by the interaction of photons with matter. Very soon, it was experimentally confirmed by Davisson and Germer that the electron shows the diffraction pattern and therefore has the wave associated with it. X-rays and gamma rays are used for imaging in radiology and nuclear medicine, respectively. The wave theory of light was challenged when scientists discovered the photoelectric effect. The Debate. These fields are transmitted in the forms of waves called electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic radiation. One difference between the “ends” of the spectrum is that only high-energy radiation (x-rays and gamma rays) has the ability to ionize matter. • Explain the relationship between energy and frequency of electromagnetic radiation. Students may wonder why it is necessary for the radiographer to understand the entire spectrum of radiation. photon Describe the nature of the electromagnetic spectrum. unit of frequency ( ν) is hertz (Hz, s −1 ). 2.0.Introduction; 2.1. The wavelength (i.e. Electromagnetic radiation may be defined as “an electric and magnetic disturbance traveling through space at the speed of light.” The electromagnetic spectrum is a way of ordering or grouping the different electromagnetic radiations. Discuss the energy, wavelength, and frequency of each member of the electromagnetic spectrum and how these characteristics affect its behavior in interacting with matter. Blackbody Radiation. • Explain the relationship between energy and frequency of electromagnetic radiation. Hurry! Electromagnetic and Particulate Radiation He introduced a new concept that light shows dual nature. color) of radiant energy emitted by a blackbody depends on only its temperature, not its surface or composition. • Identify concepts regarding the electromagnetic spectrum important for the radiographer. Rather, the energy itself vibrates. Electromagnetic radiation exhibits properties of a wave or a particle depending on its energy and in some cases its environment. inverse square law • Describe the nature of particulate radiation. For example, sound is a form of mechanical energy. You may also needX-ray Interactions with MatterImage ProductionThe X-ray CircuitRadiographic Exposure TechniqueIntroduction to the Imaging SciencesX-ray ProductionAdditional EquipmentStructure of the Atom Video explain methods & techniques to solve numericals on particle nature of electromagnetic radiations helpful for CBSE 11 Chemistry Ch.2 structure of atom Electromagnetic radiation can be defined as a form of energy that is produced by the movement of electrically charged particles traveling through a matter or vacuum or by oscillating magnetic and electric disturbance. One way in which light interacts with matter is via the photoelectric effect, which will be studied in detail in . Planck theorized that electromagnetic radiation can only exist as “packets” of energy, later called photons. FIGURE 3-2 Electromagnetic Spectrum.The electromagnetic spectrum energy, frequency, and wavelength ranges are continuous, with energies from 10−12 to 1010 eV. Electromagnetic nature of radiations is explained by James Maxwell (1870). Difference between Electromagnetic and Mechanical Energy. Electromagnetic Radiation is basically light, which is present in a rainbow or a double rainbow. Electromagnetic Radiation All electromagnetic radiations have the same nature in that they are electric and magnetic disturbances traveling through space. Electrons in Atoms: Particle Nature Directions: Using this linked PDF, complete the following questions.They are in order with the reading. Electromagnetic energy differs from mechanical energy in that it does not require a medium in which to travel. More specifically, the radiographer should be able to explain to a patient the nature of ionizing radiation as well as any risks and benefits, and should be an advocate for the patient in such discussions with other professionals. Only photons whose energy exceeds a threshold value will cause emission of photoelectrons. Unlike mechanical energy, which requires an object or matter to act through, electromagnetic energy can exist apart from matter and can travel through a vacuum. The amplitude refers to the maximum height of a wave. Key Terms Electromagnetic energy differs from mechanical energy in that it does not require a medium in which to travel. Blue light has a smaller wavelength; red light has a longer wavelength. 3.6 The Dual Nature of Electromagnetic Energy Learning Objectives Explain how the double slit experiment demonstrates wave-particle duality at the quantum scale. The photon is now regarded as a particle in fields related to the interaction of material with light that is absorbed and emitted; and regarded as a wave in regions relating to light propagation. radiowaves Compton effect Convincing evidence of the particle nature of electromagnetic radiation was found in 1922 by the American physicist Arthur Holly Compton. Conceptually we can talk about electromagnetic radiation based on its wave characteristics of velocity, amplitude, wavelength, and frequency. x-rays Difference between Electromagnetic and Mechanical Energy The wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum range from 106 to10-16 meters (m) and the frequencies range from 102 to 1024 hertz (Hz). This chapter introduces the nature of electromagnetic and particulate radiation. • Differentiate between electromagnetic and particulate radiation. All of the members of the electromagnetic spectrum have the same velocity (the speed of light or 3 × 108 m/s) and vary only in their energy, wavelength, and frequency. radioactivity Particulate Radiation EM radiation has a wavelength. The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation, such as light, hits a material. 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